launchd is controlled by launchctl, so see that.

launchd.plist -- System wide /x per-user Daemon/Agent configuration files

Parameters that can be given to an XML property list that can be loaded into launchd with launchctl.

program invocations hard code in launchd:
taken from code in the launchd executable. edited from XML to more humanreadable syntax by DGG

boot=  singleuser-hack= Program= /usr/sbin/bless ProgramArguments= ( bless --mount / --nextonly --setBoot --options -s)
                PerformAfterUserspaceReboot= T

sdk-cache= Program= /usr/libexec/xpchelper ProgramArguments= ( xpchelper --rebuild-cache ) 

shutdown-stall= Program= /usr/sbin/spindump ProgramArguments= ( spindump -shutdownstall 2 -timelimit 5 ) 

mount=  Program= /sbin/mount ProgramArguments= ( mount -uw / )
            SkipInNetBoot= T AssumeSingleUserSuccess= T RequireSuccess= T RequireRun= T

bootroot= Program= /usr/sbin/kextcache ProgramArguments= ( kextcache -Boot -U / ) RebootOnExitCode= 72

cache-tag  = Program= /usr/sbin/BootCacheControl ProgramArguments= ( BootCacheControl tag )
cache-stop = Program= /usr/sbin/BootCacheControl ProgramArguments= ( BootCacheControl stop )
cache-start= Program= /usr/sbin/BootCacheControl ProgramArguments= ( BootCacheControl start )

rc.deferred_install= Program= /bin/bash ProgramArguments= ( bash /etc/rc.deferred_install )
        RebootOnSuccess= T RequireSuccess= T RemoveOnSuccess= T

rc.installer_cleanup= Program= /bin/bash ProgramArguments= ( bash /etc/rc.installer_cleanup multiuser ) RequireSuccess= T

acct= Program= /var/account/acct

rc.server = Program= /bin/bash ProgramArguments= ( bash /etc/rc.server )
rc.cdrom  = Program= /bin/bash ProgramArguments= ( bash /etc/rc.cdrom multiuser )
rc.netboot= Program= /bin/bash ProgramArguments= ( bash /etc/rc.netboot init ) RequireSuccess= T

dirhelper= Program= /usr/libexec/dirhelper ProgramArguments= ( dirhelper -machineBoot )

fips= Program= /usr/libexec/cc_fips_test RequireSuccess= T RequireRun= T

fstab= Program= /sbin/mount ProgramArguments= ( mount -vat nonfs )
fsck-safe= Program= /sbin/fsck ProgramArguments= ( fsck -fy ) SkipInNetBoot= T RequireSuccess= T

fsck= Program= /sbin/fsck ProgramArguments= ( fsck -q ) SkipInNetBoot= T FallbackTask= fsck-safe RequireRun= T

systemstats= Program= /usr/libexec/systemstats_boot
rootless-init= Program= /usr/libexec/rootless-init ProgramArguments= ( rootless-init -b)

See also

launchctl, sysctl, launchd.plist